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2.
Kisangani méd. (En ligne) ; 10(1): 389-2020.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1264640

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Les fractures de la jambe sont des fractures diaphysaires ou métaphyso-diaphysaires, extra articulairesd'un ou deux os de la jambe.Elles constituent l'urgence la plus fréquente et la plus difficile à prendre en charge en traumatologie-orthopédique.La présente étude a pour objectif de ressortir le profil des patients avec fractures de la jambe et les classifierselon CAUCHOIX et DUPARC.Méthodologie.Une étude descriptive transversalea étééconduite du 1erseptembre 2007 au 1erseptembre 2017. L'étude a portésur 100 patients âgés de 10 à plus de 40 ans.Résultats.Les fractures des os de la jambe ont représenté15,8%des cas.Les adultes jeunes de 21 à 40 ans(53% des cas) etdusexe masculin(76% de cas) ont été plus affectés.Les fractures ouvertes ont prédominé sur les fractures fermées avec 57% de cas contre 43%dues aux accidents de trafic routier (84%).Elles étaient essentiellement de type I selon Cauchoix et Duparc (50,88%).Le traitement orthopédique a été le plus appliquée soit 72% de cas.Conclusion.Les fractures de la jambe sont fréquentes dans nos milieux et leurs prises en charge essentiellementorthopédique. Un effort doit être fourni dans la régulation de la circulation routière pour réduire leurs fréquences


Subject(s)
Fractures, Bone/classification , Leg Injuries
3.
Rev. Kairós ; 21(4): 353-369, dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1382164

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico de idosos com fraturas diversas, hospitalizados no Brasil, assim como a caracterização dessas fraturas. Trata-se de revisão de literatura mediante publicações no período entre 2007 e 2018, compondo uma amostra de 20 estudos selecionados. Evidenciou-se a fratura do fêmur em idosas, decorrente de queda da própria altura, com período de internação hospitalar entre uma e três semanas. Concluiu-se que é fundamental conhecer o perfil epidemiológico de idosos hospitalizados com fraturas para direcionar políticas públicas e dotação orçamentária.


The objective was to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of elderly with various fractures, hospitalized in Brazil, as well as the characterization of these fractures. It is a review of the literature through publications in the period between 2007 and 2018, composing a sample of 20 selected studies. The fracture of the femur in the elderly was evidenced due to fall of the height itself with a hospital stay of between one and three weeks. It was concluded that it is fundamental to know the profile of elderly hospitalized with fractures to direct public policies and budget allocation.


Se objetivó demostrar el perfil epidemiológico de los ancianos com fraturas diversas hospitalizados en Brasil, así como la caracterización de estas fracturas. Se trata de uma revisión de literatura mediante publicaciones en el período entre 2007 y 2018, componiendo una muestra de 20 estudios seleccionados. Se evidenció la fractura del fémur en ancianas derivada de caída de la propia altura con período de internación hospitalaria entre una y tres semanas. Se concluyó que es fundamental conocer el perfil de ancianos hospitalizados con fracturas para direccionar políticas públicas y dotación presupuestaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Health Profile , Aged , Fractures, Bone , Hospitalization , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Femur , Length of Stay
4.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903490

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Evaluate the prevalence and the factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1,451 elderly residents in the urban area of Pelotas, RS, in 2014. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed and the prevalence of falls in the last year was presented. The analysis of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and health factors associated with the outcome was performed using Poisson regression with adjustment for robust variance according to the hierarchical model. The variables were adjusted to each other within each level and for the higher level. Those with p ≤ 0.20 were maintained in the model for confounding control and those with p < 0.05 were considered to be associated with the outcome. RESULTS The prevalence of falls among older adults in the last year was 28.1% (95%CI 25.9-30.5), and most occurred in the person's own residence. Among the older adults who fell, 51.5% (95%CI 46.6-56.4) had a single fall and 12.1% (95%CI 8.9-15.3) had a fracture as a consequence, usually in the lower limbs. The prevalence of falls was higher in women, adults of advanced age, with lower income and schooling level, with functional incapacity for instrumental activities, and patients with diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and arthritis. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of falls reached almost a third of the older adults, and the prevalence was higher in specific segments of the population in question. About 12% of the older adults who fell fractured some bone. The factors associated with the occurrence of falls identified in this study may guide measures aimed at prevention in the older adult population.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ocorrência de quedas em idosos. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 1.451 idosos residentes na zona urbana de Pelotas, RS, em 2014. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados e apresentada a prevalência de quedas no último ano. A análise de fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde associados ao desfecho foi realizada por meio de regressão de Poisson com ajuste para variância robusta conforme modelo hierárquico. As variáveis foram ajustadas entre si dentro de cada nível e para as de nível superior. Aquelas com p ≤ 0,20 foram mantidas no modelo para controle de confusão e aquelas com p < 0,05 foram consideradas associadas ao desfecho. RESULTADOS A prevalência de quedas em idosos no último ano foi de 28,1% (IC95% 25,9-30,5), e a maioria ocorreu na própria residência do idoso. Entre os idosos que sofreram queda, 51,5% (IC95% 46,6-56,4) tiveram uma única queda e 12,1% (IC95% 8,9-15,3) tiveram fratura como consequência, sendo a de membros inferiores a mais relatada. A prevalência de quedas foi maior em mulheres, idosos com idade avançada, de menor renda e escolaridade, com incapacidade funcional para atividades instrumentais e portadores de enfermidades como diabetes, doença cardíaca e artrite. CONCLUSÕES A ocorrência de quedas atingiu quase um terço dos idosos, e a prevalência foi mais elevada em segmentos específicos da população em questão. Cerca de 12% dos idosos que caíram, fraturaram algum osso. Os fatores associados à ocorrência de quedas identificados neste estudo poderão nortear medidas que visem sua prevenção na população de idosos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Home/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Middle Aged
5.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 50(5): 501-508, set.-out. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-766248

ABSTRACT

A classificação AO para fraturas dos ossos longos na população pediátrica foi desen volvida e validada em 2006. Entretanto, a complexidade desse sistema tem limitado o seu uso na prática clínica. Poucos estudos na literatura avaliam sua reprodutibilidade e aplicabi lidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a concordância intra e interobservadores com o uso do sistema de classificação AO pediátrica entre médicos de diferentes níveis de experiência. Métodos: Após a feitura do cálculo amostral, foram selecionadas 108 radiografias consecuti vas de fraturas de ossos longos de pacientes de 0-16 anos, provenientes do arquivo digital de um hospital de nível quaternário. As radiografias foram classificadas por cinco examina dores com diferentes níveis de experiência após uma explicação prévia sobre o sistema. Foi mostrada uma planilha que continha as imagens da classificação para consulta. As avaliações foram feitas em dois momentos distintos por cada observador. O índice Kappa de Fleiss foi usado para verificar a concordância intra e interobservadores. Resultados: Foram obtidas concordâncias intraobservadores no mínimo substanciais em todos os itens da classificação, alcançaram níveis excelentes por todos os observadores em cinco dos sete itens considerados. A avaliação interobservadores apresentou níveis de concordância excelentes em dois itens, substancial em dois itens, moderada a substancial em um item e pobre a moderada em um dos itens. Não se observou influência da experi ência do observador na obtenção de maiores ou menores níveis de concordância, intra ou interobservadores. Conclusões: Neste estudo, a concordância intra e interobservadores foi considerada boa ou excelente para o sistema de classificação AO pediátrico para os parâmetros: osso, seg mento, osso pareado, subsegmento, padrão e desvio. No entanto, a concordância intra e interobservadores foi estatisticamente insatisfatória no parâmetro gravidade/lado da avulsão. Os níveis de concordância obtidos independem da experiência do observador em ortopedia pediátrica.


The AO classification for fractures of the long bones in the pediatric population was developed and validated in 2006. However, the complexity of this system has limited its use in clinical practice and few studies in the literature have evaluated its reproducibility and applicability. The present study had the objective of determining the intra and interobserver agreement using the pediatric AO system, among physicians with different levels of experience. METHODS: After making the sample calculation, 108 consecutive radiographs on long-bone fractures in patients aged 0-16 years, coming from the digital files of the quaternary-level hospital, were selected. The radiographs were classified by five examiners with different levels of experience after prior explanations about the system. A chart containing images from the classification was made available for consultation. The evaluations were made at two different times by each observer. The Fleiss kappa index was used to ascertain the intra and interobserver agreement. RESULTS: Intraobserver agreement that was at least substantial was obtained for all the items of the classification and it reached excellent levels for all observers in relation to five of the seven items considered. The interobserver evaluation presented excellent levels of agreement in two items, substantial in two items, moderate to substantial in one item and poor to moderate in one item. No influence from the observer's experience was observed with regard to obtaining higher or lower levels of agreement, either in the intraobserver or in the interobserver evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the intra and interobserver agreement was considered to be good or excellent for the pediatric AO classification system, for the parameters of bone, segment, paired bone, subsegment, standard and deviation. However, the intra and interobserver agreement was statistically unsatisfactory for the parameter of severity/side of avulsion. The levels of agreement obtained did not depend on the observer's level of experience within pediatric orthopedics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Fractures, Bone/classification , Orthopedics/methods , Bone and Bones
6.
Acta ortop. mex ; 28(4): 224-227, jul.-ago. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-730343

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados funcionales de pacientes con fracturas Neer III-IV tratados mediante hemiartroplastía. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, ambiespectivo, transversal. Período Enero a Diciembre 2011; se realizó revisión de expediente, evaluación funcional mediante escala de Constant y cuestionario DASH. Se analizó la información en programa SPSS, análisis estadístico basado en estadística descriptiva y de frecuencias. Resultados: Se evaluaron 16 pacientes, edad promedio de 60.9 años (p = 0.004); sexo femenino 56.3% (p = 0.001). Mecanismo de lesión fue de baja energía en 93.8%. De acuerdo con la escala de Constant de un total de 100 puntos, nuestra población obtuvo 40.75 (± 14.42) puntos, las mayores prevalencias fueron: dolor medio en 8 (50%), trabajo pleno rendimiento 7 (43.75%); amplitud de movimiento indoloro hasta apófisis xifoides (37.5%). Rangos de movilidad abducción de 30-60º 10 (62.5% p = 0.004), flexión de 30-60º 6 (37.5%), rotación externa 14 (87.5%) con mano detrás de la cabeza, rotación interna hasta región lumbosacra 7 (43.75% p = 0.005). Potencia hasta 3 kilogramos 5 (31.3% p = 0.005). Se observó en 13 (81.3%) malos resultados. Respecto al cuestionario DASH en discapacidad/síntomas 12 (75%), actividades especiales 7 (43.75%) resultados buenos; módulo de trabajo 8 (50%) resultados medios. Con satisfacción del episodio quirúrgico del 87.5%. Conclusiones: En la presente muestra de pacientes, la funcionalidad del hombro operado se consideró como mala de acuerdo con la escala de Constant; buena en cuanto a síntomas y actividades especiales y media en el módulo de trabajo respecto al cuestionario DASH.


Objective: To assess the functional results of patients who sustained Neer III-IV shoulder fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty. Material and methods: Descriptive, ambispective, cross-sectional study. From January to December 2011 patient records were reviewed, a functional assessment was performed using the Constant scale, and the DASH questionnaire was applied. Data was analyzed with the SPSS software, descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Results: Sixteen patients were evaluated, mean age was 60.9 years (p = 0.004); females represented 56.3% (p = 0.001). The mechanism of injury was low energy trauma in 93.8%. According to the Constant scale, whose maximum score is 100, the score of our population was 40.75 (± 14.42). The highest prevalence rates corresponded to: middle pain, 8 (50%); work with full performance, 7 (43.75%); painful range of motion up to the xyphoid process (37.5%). Ranges of motion were as follows: abduction 30-60º 10 (62.5% p = 0.004), flexion 30-60º 6 (37.5%), external rotation, 14 (87.5%) with the hand behind the head, internal rotation up to the lumbosacral region, 7 (43.75% p = 0.005). Power of up to 3 kilograms, 5 (31.3% p = 0.005). Poor results were seen in 13 (81.3%) patients. The DASH questionnaire results were: disability/symptoms, 12 (75%) and special activities, 7 (43.75%) good results; in the work module, 8 (50%) fair results. Satisfaction with the surgical procedure, 87.5 percent. Conclusions: In this patient sample the function of the operated shoulder was considered as poor according to the Constant scale; it was good considering the symptoms and special activities, and fair for the work module, according to the DASH questionnaire.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Hemiarthroplasty , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fractures, Bone/classification , Prospective Studies , Recovery of Function , Retrospective Studies
7.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 78(1): 25-30, mar. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-689075

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el grado de confiabilidad entre dos clasificaciones globalmente empleadas para fracturas de tobillo en la edad pediátrica. Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 53 pacientes: 34 de sexo masculino y 19 de sexo femenino, con antecedentes de fractura de tobillo. Se emplearon dos clasificaciones. Se llevó a cabo un estudio detallado calculando el valor Kappa de Cohen para la confiabilidad intraobservador y, para calcular el acuerdo interobservador, se dedujo el valor Kappa utilizando el método de Fleiss. Resultados: El acuerdo intraobservador e interobservador en las dos clasificaciones no fue convincentemente diferente entre los distintos grupos de examinadores. Conclusiones: Durante la edad pediátrica, es posible encontrar diferentes tipos fracturarios y distintos mecanismos en una misma fractura. Se observó que estos patrones no quedaban englobados en ninguna de las dos clasificaciones, que fueron improductivas para la planificación quirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Child , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/diagnosis , Fractures, Bone , Ankle Injuries/classification , Ankle Injuries/diagnosis , Ankle Injuries , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results
8.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: lil-707472

ABSTRACT

Se denomina rodilla flotante a una combinación de fracturas diafisarias, metafisarias e intraarticulares de fémur y de tibia ipsilateral, entre la zona subtroncantérica femoral y la zona diafisaria de la tibia. Se presentan con mayor frecuencia en pacientes politraumatizados que ingresan al hospital hemodinámicamente descompensados y requieren un cuidadoso control y seguimiento durante la atención primaria de acuerdo al protocolo del ATLS. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 38 pacientes con "lesión de rodilla flotante" ingresados y tratados en el Servicio de Traumatología y Ortopedia del Hospital Municipal de Urgencias, con un seguimiento mínimo de 5 meses. La edad promedio de nuestros pacientes fue de 29 años. La media de internación 20 días. Se estadificó las lesiones según la clasificación de Fraser. El manejo inicial de estos pacientes se realizó con tracción esquelética, yesos o colocación de tutor externo. Para la estabilización definitiva de estas lesiones se realizó un análisis pormenorizado de cada caso en particular y sus lesiones asociadas, lo que determinó las variantes de tratamiento. La estabilización inicial es precaria y no mejora el pronóstico, la rehabilitación temprana ni la reintegración del paciente a su medio biopsicosocial; pero nos permite obtener un resultado final aceptable comparable con las series publicadas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Tibial Fractures , Femoral Fractures , Knee Injuries , Knee Joint/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Fractures, Bone/classification , Multiple Trauma
9.
Acta ortop. bras ; 20(6): 324-328, nov.-dez. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660193

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Apresentar um desenho de placa em forma de borboleta e sua aplicação no tratamento de fraturas do calcâneo e discutir suas indicações clínicas, vantagens e desvantagens. MÉTODOS: De fevereiro de 2008 a abril de 2010, 22 pacientes com 26 fraturas intra-articulares do calcâneo foram tratados com redução a céu aberto e fixação interna com placa em forma de borboleta. Dezesseis pacientes eram homens e 6 eram mulheres, com média de idade de 36,8 anos. Onze eram pés esquerdos e 15, direitos. De acordo com a classificação de Sanders, 12 eram fraturas de calcâneo Tipo II (inclusive 3 Tipo IIa, 7 Tipo IIb e 2 Tipo IIc) e 14 eram Tipo III (inclusive cinco do Tipo IIIab, 7 Tipo IIIac e duas do Tipo IIIbc). RESULTADOS: Dezessete pacientes (21 pés) foram submetidos a acompanhamento por em média 19,2 meses. Os desfechos funcionais foram avaliados com o sistema Maryland Foot Score. Entre os nove pés com fraturas Tipo II, sete receberam escore excelente e dois, bom. Entre as 12 fraturas Tipo III, seis tiveram escore excelente, cinco, bom e uma, razoável. CONCLUSÃO: A placa em forma de borboleta é aplicável ao tratamento de fraturas do calcâneo do Tipo II e Tipo III de Sanders, com a vantagem de garantir fixação confiável, facilitar a cirurgia, produzir menos complicações pós-operatórias e produzir melhores desfechos clínicos gerais. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de casos.


OBJECTIVE: To introduce the design of butterfly-shaped plate and its application in treatment for calcaneal fractures, and to discuss its clinical indications, advantages and disadvantages. METHODS: From February 2008 to April 2010, 22 patients with 26 intra-articular calcaneal fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with butterfly-shape plate. Sixteen patients were male and 6 patients were female, with a mean age of 36.8 years. Eleven were left feet and 15, right. According to Sanders classification, 12 were Type II (including 3 Type IIa, 7 Type IIb and 2 Type IIc) and 14 were Type III (including 5 Type IIIab, 7 Type IIIac and 2 Type IIIbc). RESULTS: Seventeen patients (21 feet) were followed-up for an average of 19.2 months. The functional outcomes were assessed using the Maryland Foot Score system. Among the 9 feet with Type II fractures, 7 feet were scored excellent, 2 were good. Among the 12 Type III fractures, 6 were scored excellent, 5 were good, and one was fair. CONCLUSION: The butterfly-shaped plate is applicable to treatment for Sanders Type II and Type III calcaneal fractures, with advantages of ensuring reliable fixation, easier operation, fewer post-operative complications, and better clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bone Plates , Calcaneus/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Fractures, Bone/classification , Cadaver , Radiography
10.
Acta ortop. bras ; 20(6): 329-333, nov.-dez. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660194

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudar o desfecho de fraturas subtrocantéricas de quadril tratadas com placa de bloqueio lateral da parte proximal do fêmur. MÉTODO: Revisamos retrospectivamente os resultados clínicos de 48 casos de fraturas subtrocantéricas tratadas com placas de bloqueio lateral da parte proximal do fêmur de janeiro de 2008 a maio de 2010. Registrou-se o progresso da consolidação da fratura, assim como a ocorrência de complicações. A função da articulação do quadril foi avaliada pelo índice social de Harris e o escore de mobilidade de Parker-Palmer, um ano após a cirurgia. RESULTADO: Quarenta e cinco pacientes foram acompanhados até a união da fratura ou a revisão da cirurgia. Entre os 45 pacientes, 43 atingiram a união da fratura sem outra intervenção. Trinta e oito fraturas consolidaram sem perda da posição no acompanhamento de um ano. Não houve casos de perfuração da cabeça do fêmur pelo parafuso. O escore médio do índice social de Harris foi 86,5 ± 9,8 (73 ~95). A média do escore de mobilidade de Parker e Palmer foi 7,4 ± 2,1 (3~ 9). CONCLUSÃO: A placa de bloqueio lateral da parte proximal do fêmur é o tipo de fixação interna estável e efetiva para tratar as fraturas subtrocantéricas de quadril e tem a vantagem de fixação estável, em especial em fratura da parede lateral do fêmur. Nível de evidência IV, Série de Casos.


OBJECTIVE: To study the outcome of subtrochanteric hip fractures treated by using a proximal lateral femur locking plate. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical results of 48 cases of femoral subtrochanteric fractures treated with proximal lateral femur locking plates from Jan 2008 to May 2010. The progress of fracture healing, as well as the occurrence of complications, was recorded. The function of the hip joint was evaluated by Harris social index and the Parker and Palmer mobility score at 1 year after the operation. RESULT: 45 patients were followed up until fracture union or a revision surgery. Among the 45 patients, 43 patients obtained fracture union without further intervention. 38 fractures healed with no loss of position at the 1-year follow-up. There were no cases of hip screw cutting through the femoral head. The mean score of Harris social index was 86.5±9.8 (73~95). The mean Parker and Palmer mobility score was 7.4±2.1 (3~9). CONCLUSION: The proximal lateral femur locking plate is the kind of stable and effective internal fixation of treating subtrochanteric hip fractures which has the advantage of stable fixation especially for the lateral femoral wall fracture. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Hip Joint/surgery , Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Femoral Fractures/rehabilitation , Hip Fractures/surgery , Hip Fractures/rehabilitation , Fractures, Bone/classification , Radiography
11.
Cad. saúde pública ; 28(4): 801-805, abr. 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-625478

ABSTRACT

Fraturas decorrentes de queda entre idosos são um importante problema de saúde pública. Fraturas graves têm sido associadas com o maior risco de morte. Para investigar o perfil de mortalidade de idosos que sofreram fraturas graves, 250 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, hospitalizados devido à fratura decorrente de queda, e 250 idosos da população foram acompanhados por um ano. Esses grupos foram pareados por idade, sexo, momento da hospitalização do caso e vizinhança. Os óbitos foram identificados por meio do relacionamento probabilístico do banco de dados do estudo com a base de dados de mortalidade do estado. A mortalidade acumulada em um ano foi de 25,2% e 4% para idosos com e sem fratura grave, respectivamente. A distribuição dos óbitos não foi homogênea ao longo do tempo de seguimento. Dois terços das mortes entre paciente ocorreram no 1º trimestre após a fratura, enquanto que entre os controles os óbitos foram mais tardios. Doença cardíaca, pneumonia, sangramento digestivo, septicemia, embolia pulmonar, diabetes e AVE foram causas importantes de morte no ano que se seguiu à fratura.


Fall-related fractures among the elderly represent an important public health problem. Severe fractures have been related to increased risk of death. In order to investigate the mortality profile of elderly individuals with severe fractures, 250 patients aged 60 years and over, hospitalized due to fall-related fractures and 250 elderly without fractures living in the local community were followed-up for one year. They were matched according to sex, age, time of hospitalization and neighborhood. Deaths were identified using probabilistic linkage of the research dataset and the local mortality registry. The one-year cumulative mortality was 25.2% in the case of individuals with severe fractures and 4% for those individuals without. The mortality distribution was not homogeneous across the follow-up period. Two-thirds of deaths among the elderly individuals hospitalized due to fracture occurred within the first 3 months, whereas mortality among those individuals without fractures took place later. Heart disease, pneumonia, GI bleeding, sepsis, and pulmonary embolism, diabetes and stroke were important causes of one-year mortality.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accidental Falls/mortality , Fractures, Bone/mortality , Age Distribution , Case-Control Studies , Fractures, Bone/classification , Hospitalization , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Survival Analysis
12.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 77(1): 39-44, mar. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-649117

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las fracturas de la tuberosidad anterior de la tibia (TAT) representan el 3 por ciento de las fracturas proximales que afectan a ese hueso. Se producen en pacientes de entre 12 y 17 años, con mayor frecuencia en los varones y en el contexto de una actividad deportiva. Materiales y métodos: Entre 1995 y 2008 fueron tratados 20 pacientes con 23 fracturas de la TAT. La serie se compuso de 18 varones y 2 mujeres, con un promedio de 13,4 años. Las fracturas se categorizaron según la clasificación de Ogden en 11 de tipo 1 (5A y 6B), 6 de tipo 2 (3A y 3B) y 5 de tipo 3 (2 subtipo A y 3 subtipo B). Las fracturas subtipo 1 A-B y 2A fueron tratadas mediante inmovilización, mientras que las restantes requirieron reducción abierta, fijación interna e inmovilización. Resultados: En todos los pacientes se observó consolidación ósea. El 95 por ciento retornó a su actividad deportiva previa. Un paciente presentó molestias del material de osteosíntesis y otro presentó un recurvatum. Conclusiones: Las fracturas de la TAT son poco frecuentes y para efectuar un diagnóstico correcto se debe conocer cómo se desarrolla la osificación de la tibia proximal; también deben diferenciarse de la enfermedad de Osgood-Schlatter a fin de indicar el tratamiento adecuado y evitar las posibles secuelas, como una rótula alta traumática. De acuerdo con la clasificación de Odgen, se obtuvieron buenos resultados con el tratamiento incruento en los pacientes con los subtipos 1AB y 2A, y con la forma cruenta en los portadores de los tipos 2B y 3AB


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/therapy , Tibial Fractures/therapy , Growth Plate , Knee Injuries , Athletic Injuries , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
13.
Acta ortop. bras ; 20(3): 170-173, 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-640109

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a reprodutibilidade intra-observador e inter-observador da classificação de Hawkins para fraturas do colo do talus. MÉTODOS: Selecionou-se 20 casos aleatórios de fratura de tálus para serem definidos entre os tipos da classificação por oito cirurgiões ortopédicos, 13 residentes de ortopedia e 15 de radiologia. RESULTADOS: Utilizando o teste estatístico de Landis e Kock foram obtidas médias de 0.627 e 0.668, na primeira e segunda avaliação, respectivamente. Tais valores definem uma concordância satisfatória para a classificação de Hawkins. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que tal classificação é reprodutível entre observadores, possuindo melhores valores conforme maior experiência. Nível de Evidência I, Estudos diagnósticos - Investigação de um exame para diagnóstico.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of Hawkins' classification for fractures of the neck of the talus. METHODS: 20 random cases of fracture of the talus were selected, to be defined according to the classification of types by eight orthopedic surgeons, 13 orthopedic residents and 15 radiology residents. RESULTS: Using the statistical test of Landis and Koch, measurements of 0.627 and 0.668 were obtained in the first and second evaluations, respectively. These values define a satisfactory agreement for Hawkins' classification. CONCLUSION: We conclude that this classification is reproducible between observers, with better values for the more experienced observers. Level of Evidence I, Study Diagnostic - Investigating a diagnostic test.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/complications , Reproducibility of Results , Talus/injuries , Orthopedics , Radiography
14.
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery ; : 134-138, 2012.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-101289

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Not much is known regarding avulsion fractures of the calcaneal tuberosity. We propose a modified classification scheme that presents the four types of calcaneal avulsion fracture as described by surgical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and evaluation of their specific features. METHODS: Out of 764 cases of calcaneal fractures, we examined 20 cases (2.6%) that involved the tuberosity of the calcaneus. Each case was classified depending on the avulsed fracture patterns as follows; type I is a 'simple extra-articular avulsion' fracture, type II is the 'beak' fracture, type III is an infrabursal avulsion fracture from the middle third of the posterior tuberosity, and finally in type IV there is the 'beak', but a small triangular fragment is separated from the upper border of the tuberosity. We examined the features of each avulsed type according to several criteria including patient age, gender, anatomical variances of the Achilles tendon, the fibers involved and the mechanism of injury. RESULTS: The type I fracture (8/20 cases) was the most common and likely to occur in elderly women. However, in other types, they were more common in relatively younger male patients. Type I were usually caused due to an accidental trip causing a fall by the patient. However, the dominant cause of type II (5/20 cases) fractures a direct blow or hit directly to the bone. Type III (4/20 cases) and IV (3/20 cases) fractures were likely to occur due to falling. All fibers within the Achilles tendon are involved in both type I and II fractures. However, only the superficial fibers are involved in type III fractures, whereas the deep fibers are involved in type IV fractures. CONCLUSIONS: The avulsion patterns of the calcaneal tuberosity fractures are the result of several factors including the bony density level, the mechanism of injury and the fibers of the Achilles tendon that transmit the force. Accurate diagnosis of type III and IV is dependant on MRI technology to confirm the specific location of the injury and provide proper patient treatment therapeutics.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Factors , Calcaneus/injuries , Fractures, Bone/classification , Statistics, Nonparametric
15.
West Indian med. j ; 60(1): 73-76, Jan. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672721

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In this study, eighteen patients who have had perilunate injury with dislocation or fracture, were evaluated and the patho-mechanics and surgical treatment were studied. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: According to the Green and O 'Brien's classification, type 1 injury occurred in one patient, type 2 in nine, type 4A in five, type 4C in one and type 4D in one. The other one case could not be classified using the Green and O 'Brien's criteria. RESULTS: According to the Evans scoring system, good results were achieved in thirteen patients, fair results, in four, poor results in one and very poor results in none. When the patho-mechanics was esti mated based on the Mayfield's criteria, seventeen patients were classified as stage 3. However, only one case was extremely unusual and should be classified as a subtype of stage 2. CONCLUSION: The results were good in the majority ofpatients who had repair ofperilunate injury.


OBJETIVO: En este estudio, se evaluaron dieciocho pacientes que tuvieron lesión perisemilunar con dislocación o fractura, y se estudiaron la patomecánica y el tratamiento quirúrgico. SUJETOS Y MÉTODO: Sobre la base de la clasificación de Green y O'Brien, se concluye que ocurrieron las siguientes lesiones: lesión de tipo 1 en un paciente, de tipo 2 en nueve, tipo 4A en cinco, tipo 4C en uno y tipo 4D en uno. El otro caso no se pudo clasificar usando criterios de Green y O'Brien. RESULTADOS: El sistema de puntuación de Evans, indica que se lograron buenos resultados en trece pacientes; resultados satisfactorios en cuatro; resultados pobres en uno; resultados muy pobres en ninguno. Cuando se estimó la patomecánica sobre la base de los criterios Mayfield, diecisiete pacientes fueron clasificados como fase 3. Sin embargo, sólo un caso fue sumamente raro y debe ser clasificado como subtipo de fase 2. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados fueron buenos en la mayoría de los pacientes que tuvieron reparación de lesión perisemilunar.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Lunate Bone/injuries , Wrist Injuries/surgery , Joint Dislocations/classification , Joint Dislocations , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone , Treatment Outcome , Wrist Injuries/classification , Wrist Injuries
16.
Clinics ; 66(4): 629-634, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-588915

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the features of earthquake-related pelvic crush fractures versus non-earthquake fractures with digital radiography and multidetector row computed tomography. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven survivors with pelvic crush fractures in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake were entered in our study as the earthquake-related group (139 underwent digital radiography, 28 underwent multidetector row computed tomography); 70 victims with non-earthquake pelvic fractures were enrolled into this study as the non-earthquake group (54 underwent digital radiography, 16 underwent multidetector row computed tomography). Data were reviewed retrospectively between groups, focusing on anatomic distributions, status of pelvic bone fractures, numbers of pelvic bones involved, and classification of pelvic ring fractures according to the Tile classification system. RESULTS: Pelvic fractures occurred more frequently in the pubis in the earthquake-related group than in the non-earthquake group (135/167, 81 percent vs. 48/70, 69 percent). In addition, comminuted fractures were more common in the earthquake-related group than in the non-earthquake group (55/167, 33 percent vs. 10/70, 14 percent). Multiple fractures were less common in the earthquake-related group than in the non-earthquake group (81/167, 49 percent vs. 46/70, 66 percent). Regarding the classification of pelvic ring fractures, Type C predominantly composed of subtype C3 occurred more frequently (64/167, 38 percent vs. 12/70, 17 percent), and Type A was less common in the earthquake-related group than in the non-earthquake group (31/167, 19 percent vs. 23/70, 32 percent). All differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). No difference was found in Type B fractures between the groups (72/167, 43 percent vs. 35/70, 50 percent). CONCLUSION: Earthquake-related pelvic crush fractures can be characterized by a high incidence of pelvic fractures occurring in the pubis, comminuted fractures, and Type C fractures predominantly composed by subtype C3, despite a low incidence of multiple fractures.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Accidents , Disasters , Earthquakes , Fractures, Bone , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Pelvic Bones/injuries , Radiographic Image Enhancement , China/epidemiology , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Pelvic Bones , Retrospective Studies
17.
Clinics ; 66(10): 1735-1742, 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-601907

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The features of earthquake-related head injuries may be different from those of injuries obtained in daily life because of differences in circumstances. We aim to compare the features of head traumas caused by the Sichuan earthquake with those of other common head traumas using multidetector computed tomography. METHODS: In total, 221 patients with earthquake-related head traumas (the earthquake group) and 221 patients with other common head traumas (the non-earthquake group) were enrolled in our study, and their computed tomographic findings were compared. We focused the differences between fractures and intracranial injuries and the relationships between extracranial and intracranial injuries. RESULTS: More earthquake-related cases had only extracranial soft tissue injuries (50.7 percent vs. 26.2 percent, RR=1.9), and fewer cases had intracranial injuries (17.2 percent vs. 50.7 percent, RR = 0.3) compared with the non-earthquake group. For patients with fractures and intracranial injuries, there were fewer cases with craniocerebral injuries in the earthquake group (60.6 percent vs. 77.9 percent, RR = 0.8), and the earthquake-injured patients had fewer fractures and intracranial injuries overall (1.5 + 0.9 vs. 2.5 +1.8; 1.3 + 0.5 vs. 2.1 + 1.1). Compared with the non-earthquake group, the incidences of soft tissue injuries and cranial fractures combined with intracranial injuries in the earthquake group were significantly lower (9.8 percent vs. 43.7 percent, RR = 0.2; 35.1 percent vs. 82.2 percent, RR = 0.4). CONCLUSION: As depicted with computed tomography, the severity of earthquake-related head traumas in survivors was milder, and isolated extracranial injuries were more common in earthquake-related head traumas than in non-earthquake-related injuries, which may have been the result of different injury causes, mechanisms and settings.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Craniocerebral Trauma , Earthquakes , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Age Distribution , China , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Disasters , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Trauma Severity Indices
18.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 45(supl): 37-39, nov.-dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-571653

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a reprodutibilidade intraobservador e interobservador da classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF, para as fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças. MÉTODO: Foram analisadas e classificadas por cinco avaliadores, 100 radiografias convencionais digitalizadas de fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças, utilizando a classificação alfanumérica proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF. A força de concordância intraobservador (realizada com intervalo de 90 dias) e a interobservador foram avaliadas através do coeficiente Kappa. RESULTADOS: O índice Kappa para observação intraobservador foi de 0,69 (grande concordância) e na análise interobservador o índice foi de 0,64 (grande concordância) na primeira avaliação e 0,61 (grande concordância) na segunda análise realizada 90 dias após a classificação inicial. CONCLUSÃO: A classificação proposta pelo grupo AO/ASIF mostrou grande concordância intra e interobservador, sendo útil para utilização nas fraturas dos ossos longos em crianças.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility of the classification proposed by the AO/ASIF group for long bone fractures in children. METHODS: One hundred roentgenograms of long bone fractures in children were evaluated and classified according to the alphanumeric AO/ASIF classification by six observers. The strength of theintraobserver(performed with a 90-day interval) and interobserveragreementwere evaluated using the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: The intraobserver Kappa index was 0.69 (good agreement). The interobserver index was 0.64 (good agreement) in the first evaluation and 0.61 (goodagreement) in the second analysisperformed 90 days after the initial classification. CONCLUSION: The classification proposed by the AO/ASIF group for long bone fractures demonstrated good inter- and intraobserver agreement. This classification is useful for describing fractures of long bones in children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Fractures, Bone/classification , Tibial Fractures/classification , Femoral Fractures/classification
19.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 75(4): 370-375, dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572977

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Rodilla flotante es un término que describe las fracturas concomitantes homolaterales de la tibia y el fémur. Estas lesiones se relacionan con un alto número de complicaciones potencialmente mortales. Informamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de este tipo de lesiones en un período de seis años, revisamos los resultados y los comparamos con los de la bibliografía. Materiales y métodos: Entre enero de 2003 y julio de 2009 se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional que incluyó a 16 pacientes, 11 varones (68,7 por ciento) y 5 mujeres (31,3 por ciento), con una edad promedio 38,5 años (20 a 70 años). Se utilizó la clasificación de Fraser para rodilla flotante. Se evaluó la amplitud de movimiento de la rodilla, el material utilizado en la cirugía, las lesiones asociadas, el tiempo de consolidación, las complicaciones y las cirugías complementarias. Resultados: Doce de los 16 pacientes (75 por ciento) presentaron lesiones asociadas. Doce pacientes (75 por ciento) recibieron tratamiento definitivo temprano y en los 4 restantes (25 por ciento) se realizó control del daño. El tiempo de consolidación de ambos huesos promedió los 6 meses. Ocho pacientes (50 por ciento) requirieron cirugías complementarias. Conclusiones: La rodilla flotante suele ser consecuencia de un politraumatismo. Las diferentes series publicadas refieren un promedio de 50 por ciento a 62 por ciento de lesiones asociadas en estos pacientes. El uso de fijadores externos temporales (control del daño) es una excelente opción terapéutica. El mejor tratamiento para estas fracturas es la estabilización temprana y definitiva, que permite la rápida movilización del paciente y disminuye los problemas sistémicos en los politraumatizados, así como las complicaciones asociadas con un período prolongado de permanencia en cama.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Femoral Fractures , Fracture Fixation , Fractures, Bone/classification , Knee Injuries , Tibial Fractures , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Range of Motion, Articular
20.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 76(5): 565-574, set.-out. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561238

ABSTRACT

Traumas faciais são frequentes em emergências requerendo o diagnóstico de fraturas e lesões associadas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar dados epidemiológicos de atendimento em trauma facial. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram revisados 335 prontuários de pacientes com trauma facial tratados pelo Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia, no período de Janeiro de 2002 a Dezembro de 2008. Os seguintes dados foram coletados: idade, gênero, etiologia, local anatômico da fratura, lesão associada, consumo de álcool, tratamento e hospitalização. FORMA DO ESTUDO: Estudo de casos retrospectivo em corte longitudinal histórico. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes são homens adultos jovens (p<0,005) com uma proporção masculino:feminino de 4:1 (p<0,05). Violência interpessoal é a causa mais prevalente de trauma facial (27,9 por cento) seguida de acidente automobilístico (16,6 por cento) (p<0,05). Mandíbula é o osso facial fraturado mais prevalente (44,2 por cento) seguido pela fratura nasal (18,9 por cento) (p<0,05). Houve consumo de álcool em 41,1 por cento dos pacientes com uma proporção masculino:feminino de 11,2:1 (p<0,05). Setenta e sete por cento dos pacientes necessitaram de intervenção cirúrgica (p<0,05) e 84,5 por cento foram hospitalizados (p<0.05). CONCLUSÃO: Homens adultos jovens são as vítimas mais prevalentes em trauma facial e a violência interpessoal é a responsável pela maioria das lesões faciais. A maioria dos casos de traumatismo facial está associada ao consumo de álcool. Estudos posteriores serão sempre necessários a fim de permitir uma clara compreensão da tendência na etiologia do trauma facial.


Facial traumas are frequent in emergencies, and they require the diagnosis of fractures and associated lesions. AIM: To analyze epidemiological data concerning facial trauma care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and fifty-five charts from patients with facial trauma treated by the Service of Otorhinolaryngology, from January 2002 to December 2008, were revised. The following data was collected: age, gender, etiology, anatomical localization of the fracture, associated injuries, alcohol consumption, treatment, and hospitalization. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective historical longitudinal study. RESULTS: Most of the patients are young adult men (p<0.05) with a male:female ratio of 4:1(p<0.05). Interpersonal violence is the most prevalent cause of facial trauma (27.9 percent), followed by motor vehicle accidents (16.6 percent) (p<0.05). The mandible is the most prevalent facial bone fractured (44.2 percent), followed by nasal fracture (18.9 percent) (p<0.05). 41.1 percent of the patients consumed alcohol with a male:female ratio of 11.2:1 (p<0.05). Seventy-seven percent of the patients required surgical intervention (p<0.05) and 84.5 percent were hospitalized (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Young male adults are the most prevalent victims of facial trauma, and interpersonal violence is responsible for the majority of the facial injuries. Most of the cases of facial trauma are associated with the consumption of alcohol. Further studies will be necessary to provide a clear understanding of the trends in the etiology of facial trauma.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Facial Bones/injuries , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Facial Injuries/classification , Facial Injuries/etiology , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Young Adult
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